Tsunami causes and effects pdf

The word tsunami comprises the japanese wordstsu meaning harbour and nami meaning wave. Its flooding then constantly causes more damage for a number of weeks. In this activity, students will build tsunami simulators and observe the causes and effects of tsunamis firsthand. Tsunami damage is first caused by the immense force of the tidal wave hitting the shoreline. During dry and hot weather periods, it is common to find dry and cracked earth without even a. Here, we will discuss about what tsunami is, its causes, characteristics of tsunami wave, signs preceding it, most common tsunami occurring areas and also the most destructive tsunamis in the world. The cause, in my opinion, of this phenomenon must be sought in the earthquake. The most common cause of a tsunami is sea floor uplift associated with an earthquake. The effects of an earthquake are terrible and devastating. If a disastrous tsunami is expected in coastal regions, jma issues a. A fault twenty miles below the ocean surface ruptured, forcing one of the plates to be thrust upwards by as much. These natural disasters were exacerbated by additional disruptions from the collateral damage to a. In addition, a tsunami can generate a particular type of coastal trapped wave called edge waves that travel backand forth, parallel to shore. What causes tsunami indian ocean tsunami information center.

Unesco eolss sample chapters natural and human induced hazards vol. The 2004 indianocean tsunami prepared by sagar s kurde girish p kulkarni ganesh a navle 2. The impact of a large meteorite could also cause a tsunami. If the trough of the tsunami wave reaches the coast first, this causes a phenomenon called drawdown, where it appears that sea level has dropped considerably. Causes, effects and types of landslides earth eclipse. Learn more about the causes and effects of earthquakes in this article. Because of the high energy and rapid velocity of tsunami waves, waves smaller than 1m can cause. The biggest tsunamis are created when very powerful earthquakes happen at shallow depths below the seafloor.

Flooding can be very dangerous only 15cms of fastflowing water are needed to knock you off your feet. If a tsunami reaches land the effects can include loss of human and animal life, devastating property damage, severe flooding, and disease. A tsunami is a type of tidal wave caused by sudden. The most common cause of a tsunami is fro earthquakes. Pdf tsunamis are water waves created by an impulsive disturbance in the ocean. Causes, consequences, prediction, and response boris w. On march 11, 2011, a large earthquake occurred, causing a tsunami which struck the pacific coast of northeast japan. Earthquakes occur most often along geologic faults, narrow zones where rock masses move in relation to one another. Tsunamis can also result from the impact of a meteor or comet in a body of water. These walls of water can cause widespread destruction when. Pdf on 26th of december 2005, sri lanka experienced, perhaps its most devastating natural disaster through a impact of a tsunami. During dry and hot weather periods, it is common to find dry and cracked earth without even a single shed of water or wet areas.

To understand how earthquakes cause tsunamis we must first fully understand what causes earthquakes. Tsunamis the movie the impossible starring ewan mcgregor and naomi watts documents an event that was rare, tragic, devastating but far from impossible. The tsunami that struck east africa and south east asia in of december 2004 killed about 300,000 people. Many individuals who live in an area hit by a tsunami lose everything they own, which leaves them homeless and without resources in the initial aftermath. And the push of saltwater into freshwater sources nearby can disrupt farming. Effects impact are dependent on the characteristics of the event that generated the tsunami, for example the size and type of the event earthquake magnitude and type, and the configuration of the bathymetry that is the depth. Structures collapsing, explosions from gas, electrocution, floating debris, and damaged tanks are another cause of death. This is what caused the boxing day tsunami in the indian ocean in 2004 and it is also the reason behind the 2011 japan tsunami. Tsunamis are caused by a sudden or impulsive disturbance that. Most of these tsunami are generated by earthquakes that cause displacement of the seafloor, but, as we shall see, tsunami can be generated by volcanic eruptions, landslides, underwater explosions, and meteorite impacts. While landslides are considered naturally occurring disasters, humaninduced changes in the environment have recently caused their upsurge. Jun 06, 2018 the most common cause of a tsunami is fro earthquakes. Tsunamis travel across the open ocean at great speeds and build into large deadly waves in the shallow water of a shoreline.

May 18, 2017 here explanation about causes and effects of tsunami. A tsunami is a series of enormous waves created by an underwater disturbance usually associated with earthquakes occurring below or near the ocean. Various sources as earthquakes, landslides, volcanic eruptions, explosions, and even the impact of cosmic bodies, such as meteorites. Tsunamis can destroy entire buildings and can cause serious property damage. The environmental effects of it are that including surface faulting, tectonic uplift and subsidence, tsunamis, soil liquefaction, ground resonance, landslides and ground failure, either directly linked to a quake source or provoked by the ground shaking. Although the causes of landslides are wide ranging, they have 2 aspects in common. Nov 16, 2018 a tsunami occurs when the ocean floor is disturbed by a seismic event, the ocean floor is either pushed up or down and it creates a quick rise in the water above it.

Ppt tsunamis powerpoint presentation free to download. Mar 24, 2020 earthquake, any sudden shaking of the ground caused by the passage of seismic waves through earths rocks. Although the tsunami caused the great damage and the great loss of lives in countries neighboring indian ocean, the most severely hit region was the west and. Congressional research service summary the march 11, 2011, earthquake and tsunami that occurred in japan followed by the nuclear crisis are having a large negative impact on the economy of japan but a lesser effect on world trade and financial markets. These effects result in many arrivals of the tsunami at a particular point on the coast rather than a single wave as suggested by panel 3. If a tsunami strikes a coastal area, it can cause death or serious injury to people and damage to buildings. These science passages, cause and effect texts, graphic organizers, charts, earthquake worksheets, and content area vocabularybuilding activities are sure to engage your learners. Often a tsunami wave warns of its arrival with roaring and rumbling from the ocean, but.

A tsunami is a series of ocean waves that sends surges of water, sometimes reaching heights of over 100 feet 30. The volcanic or earthquake activity usually creates a huge wave underneath the ocean, which eventually come down violently onto the shoreline. Tsunami flooding then continues to cause damage for several more weeks. When an earthquake occurs, jma estimates whether a tsunami has been generated. Natural disasters do not necessarily cause an increase in infectious disease outbreaks. Tsunami teacher notes geological society of america. Effects can range from breaking waves, a fastmoving tide to a barely. Effects of the december 2004 indian ocean tsunami on the. Environmental effects can include contamination of soil and water, permanent changes to the landscape, solid waste and disaster debris, and litter composed of hazardous materials and toxic substances. The effects of a tsunami on a coastline can range from unnoticeable to devastating.

Moreover, tsunamis are often referred to high waves of water caused by changes in the flow and surge of the ocean. This news article describes an earthquake that stopped the world series. The movie is a dramatization of a real event that shocked the entire world. In recent years massive tsunamis have caused extensive damage in northern sumatra and thailand, parts of japans honshu island, and parts of chile. The force of a tsunami causes massive damage and loss of life. Tsunami impactsintroductiona tsunami can be described as a series of long, powerful ocean waves produced by a disturbance at or close to the ocean.

A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. In 2004, fourteen countries were effected by a powerful natural event that launched a. Introduction tsunami the term tsunami comes from the japanese,composed of two kanji. This sudden motion could be an earthquake, a powerful volcanic eruption, or an underwater landslide. Use tv, radio andor the internet to obtain accurate information. All are the result of violent events with enough power to displace large volumes very rapidly. The source of the plant is known that 90% of the tsunami is caused by tectonic earthquake activity, 9% due to volcanic activity and 1% by soil landslides that occurring in water such as in the lakes or in the ocean or landslides that came from land which is enters to the ocean. Includes guided textmarking practice and comprehension questions that help students compare and contrast the topic. The word tsunami is a japanese word, represented by two characters. Earthquakes, lands lides an d tsunamis li juan and chen yong encyclopedia of life support systems eolss magnitude m5. It was all about tsunami seminar and ppt with pdf report. The causes of tsunami all tsunamis are caused by the sudden displacement of large volumes of water.

A tsunami can occur in any tidal state and even at low tide can still inundate coastal areas. Tsunami means harbor wave in japanese, reflecting japans tsunami prone history. Tsunamis are most often caused when an earthquake causes the seafloor to rise or fall. The first, and most common cause for tsunamis are abrupt movements on the ocean floor that can result from an earthquake. Tsunamis are known for their capacity to violently flood coastlines, causing devastating property damage, injuries and loss of life. However, contaminated water and food supplies as well as the lack of shelter and medical care may have a secondary effect of worsening illnesses that already exist in the affected region. A tsunami is a type of tidal wave caused by sudden movements of water. A tsunami is a sudden violent change in the earths surface resulting from a destructive sea wave caused by an earthquake or volcanic eruption.

Many building, hospitals, schools, etc are destroyed due to it. Levin encyclopedia of life support systems eolss continues to be its strict teacher. The purpose of this blog is to examine causes, effects, and the solutions to tsunami formation in a way that helps the reader recognize its importance. Extreme weather never fails to excite, and these are earthshaking.

Besides destroying lives, a tsunami has a devastating effect on the environment. Flooding can also carry sewage and toxic substances around an environment, posing a health risk. Tsunamis are also triggered by landslides into or under the water surface, and can be generated by volcanic activity and meteorite impacts. A series of waves in an ocean or lake caused by the displacement of a large body of water is known as a tsunami, meaning harbor wave in japanese. Tsunami impacts in new zealand can range from unnoticeable to devastating. The term tsunami originates from japanese and literally means harbor wave. The amount of energy and water contained in a huge tsunami can cause extreme. All you need to do is just click on the download link and get it. Here explanation about causes and effects of tsunami. A tsunami is a natural hazard consisting of a series of long, surgelike waves generated when a large volume of ocean water is rapidly displaced. Effects of the december 2004 indian ocean tsunami on the indian mainland alpa sheth,a snigdha sanyal,b arvind jaiswal,c and prathibha gandhid the 26 december 2004 tsunami signi.

The worst cases of flooding may occur if there is a combination of storms, spring tides and low atmospheric pressure. A majority of tsunamis are generated by a coseismic ocean floor displacement i. Another possible cause of tsunamis is meteorite impact. But what are the effects of tsunamis on the environment. Tsunami is a series of water waves caused by thedisplacement of a large volume of a body of water, usually an ocean 3. The earthquake will only cause a tsunami if the earthquake displaces water. Remember, tsunamis are an after effect of an earthquake. Tsunami effects, large destruction of property and loss of life. Tsunamis are a series of waves caused by violent wave movements on or near the.

And since the earth is dynamic, change in one system of the earth can influence the other. Often a tsunami wave warns of its arrival with roaring and rumbling from the ocean, but sometimes a rising wall of water approaches silently and imperceptibly. What causes a tsunami a tsunami is a large ocean wave that is caused by sudden motion on the ocean floor. A look at several of earths spheres helps depict a picture of their interaction. Causes of tsunami earthquake volcanic eruption underwater explosions meteorite impacts 4. The first tsunamis damage is as a result of the huge force of the tidal wave striking the coastline. The causes and effects of the 2004 asian tsunami gcse. Students will recreate tsunamis due to above and below water landslides, subduction faults and impact strikes. Tsunamis are water waves created by an impulsive disturbance in the ocean. A tsunami is a catastrophic ocean wave that is usually caused by a submarine earthquake, an underwater or coastal landslide, or the eruption of a volcano.

Tsunamis are one of the most destructive natural disasters. Here we are giving you tsunami seminar and ppt with pdf report. Besides that high death toll, the tsunami caused one of the worst nuclear disasters. The volcanic or earthquake activity usually creates a huge wave underneath the ocean, which eventually come. We investigated the ecological and genetic effects of the large tsunami. Effects of the japanese earthquake and tsunami congressional research service 1 introduction the march 2011 great tohoku earthquake and tsunami struck the northeast coast of japan. Tsunamis are caused through violent actions of the earth. As early as 426 bc the greek historian thucydides inquired in his book history of the peloponnesian war about the causes of tsunami, and was the first to argue that ocean earthquakes must be the cause.

Tsunamis travel across the open ocean at great speeds and build into large. It generated a tsunami which inundated hilo on the island of hawaii with a 14metre high 46 ft surge. D chandrasekharam department of earth sciences head, centre of studies in resources engineering indian institute of technology bombay such news items raises several questions like what are earthquakes. In spite of close association, there is no direct causeandeffect relationship between earthquake and tsunami. Some of the tsunami effects include leveling homes down to their foundations and exposing bedrock. Tides are generated by the gravitational effects of the moon, sun, and planets. Tsunami wave runup can be double that of the wave height at the coast on steep slopes.

Remain on alert until the warning is cancelled, as tsunamis may strike repeatedly. A tsunami is a very long ocean wave generated by sudden displacement of the sea floor or of the oceanic mass the displacement of an. Unesco eolss sample chapters natural disasters vol. Although tsunamis are often referred to as tidal waves, this is a misnomer. In this sense, we believe the fukushima accidentlike its predecessorswas preventable. They are one of the worlds worst natural disasters that can hit a country. The asian tsunami of 2004 was caused by tectonic activity beneath the indian ocean. It affects the mental health and emotional health of people. Water can be displaced in a number of ways but the. Remember, tsunamis are an aftereffect of an earthquake. The effects of a tsunami depend on the characteristics of the seismic event that generated the tsunami, the distance from its point of origin, its size and, at last, the configuration of the bathymetry that is the depth of water in oceans along the coast that the tsunami is approaching.